Data collection and preservation ensure that accurate, reliable, and useful information is gathered, managed, and maintained for future access.
Data Collection involves systematically obtaining information through appropriate methods (such as surveys, sensors, or interviews) while ensuring accuracy, ethical compliance, and consistency.

Data Preservation focuses on keeping data secure, accessible, and authentic over time using proper storage systems, metadata documentation, backups, and long-term archiving practices.

Strong governance—including policies, access controls, and staff training—is essential for maintaining data quality and compliance.

Overall, effective data management supports transparency, informed decision-making, and long-term institutional or research sustainability.

Data processing and culling ensure that collected information is accurate, relevant, and ready for analysis or storage.
Data Processing transforms raw data into structured, usable formats through cleaning, validation, integration, and automation. This improves data quality and consistency for reliable analysis and decision-making.

Data Culling filters and removes irrelevant, duplicate, or low-quality data, ensuring only valuable information is retained. It helps reduce storage costs, improve efficiency, and maintain compliance with data retention and privacy policies.

Strong governance—including clear procedures, audit trails, and legal compliance—supports ethical and transparent data handling.

Together, these processes improve data reliability, streamline operations, and uphold responsible data management practices.

Legal hold management ensures that information relevant to litigation, investigations, or regulatory inquiries is preserved, secure, and auditable.
Implementation involves identifying custodians, defining the scope of relevant data, issuing legal hold notices, and maintaining documentation.

Data Preservation includes suspending deletion policies, securing data, and monitoring compliance to prevent loss or tampering.

Communication and Training ensure that custodians understand their responsibilities and stay updated on changes to the legal hold.

Release and Review formalize the end of the hold, restore normal retention schedules, and document the process for audit purposes.

Strong governance and compliance integrate legal hold management with overall information management to mitigate risk and maintain accountability.

Production and trial presentation involve preparing, organizing, and communicating data or evidence in a clear, accurate, and compliant manner.
Production focuses on identifying relevant materials, formatting them into standardizedd and accessible formats, ensuring quality, maintaining documentation, and protecting sensitive information.
Trial Presentation emphasizes organizing and visualizing data or evidence for effective communication, using clear narratives, visual aids, and presentation tools to enhance understanding and credibility.

Strong governance and best practices—including chain-of-custody protocols, version control, ethical compliance, and personnel training—ensure reliability, transparency, and professional integrity.